Articles and Subject Pronouns

Definite Articles

  • Definite articles are used before a noun to mention something specific, exact, clear or obvious.
  • They all mean “the” in English.
  • Note: “Le/La” change to “L’ ” when the noun starts with a vowel or a silent h.
 SingularPlural
MasculineLe/L’Les
FeminineLa/L’Les

Indefinite Articles

  • Indefinite articles are used before a noun to mention something not obvious or clear.
  • “Un/une” mean “a” or “an” in English.
  • Note: Des does not have an exact translation in English.
  • Note: They all change to “de” when the sentence is in the negative if their quantity is none.
 SingularPlural
MasculineUnDes
FeminineUneDes

Partitive Articles

  • Partitive articles are used before a noun to mention something that is not specified especially used with food, drinks or other uncountable nouns.
  • They all roughly mean “some” in English.
  • It is form by combining “de” with the definite articles.
    • De + le → Du
    • De + la → De la
    • De + les → Des
  • Note: They all change to “de” when the sentence is in the negative if their quantity is none.
  • Note: “De la” changes to “De l’ ” when the noun starts with a vowel or a silent h regardless of the noun’s gender.
 SingularPlural
MasculineDuDes
FeminineDe laDes

Articles with Prepositions

  • Articles with prepositions are articles that have combined with definite articles to create unique forms using:
    • À (at; to)
    • De (from; of)
  • For “à”
 SingularPlural
MasculineAuAux
FeminineÀ laAux
MeaningAt the; To the
  • For “de”
 SingularPlural
MasculineDuDes
FeminineDe laDes
MeaningFrom the; Of the

Subject Pronouns

Subject Pronouns

  • They are the subjects that perform an action in a sentence.
 PersonSubject PronounMeaning
Singular1stJeI
2ndTuYou (informal)
3rdIl/Elle/OnHe/She/One
Plural1stNousWe
2ndVousYou (formal)
3rdIls/EllesThey
  • Note: “Ils” is used for a group males or a both males and females and “Elles” is only used for a group of females.

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